The paper describes the development of e-skills in Europe, both for ICT practitioners and for e-leadership skills, look at changes in numbers of ICT students and graduates as a major source of talent entering this workforce, and elaborate trends of e-skills and e-leadership skills demand and supply to update a foresight scenario and forecast until 2020.

Amending the mismatch between the skills available and those demanded for digital transformation of the economy has been a key priority since the European Commission developed a long term e-skills strategy. While the number of ICT students is now increasing and Member States are stepping up their efforts, the changing e-skills needs that face employers and the ICT workforce have clearly left their marks.